IV. Accelerate High-Level Scientific and Technological Self-Reliance, Lead the Development of New Quality Productive Forces
Chinese-style modernization must be supported by scientific and technological modernization. Seize the historical opportunities of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, coordinate the construction of an education powerhouse, a science and technology powerhouse, and a talent powerhouse, elevate the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system, comprehensively enhance independent innovation capabilities, seize the commanding heights of scientific and technological development, and continuously generate new quality productive forces.
(11) Strengthen Original Innovation and Tackle Key Core Technologies. Improve the new nationwide system, adopt extraordinary measures, and promote decisive breakthroughs in key core technologies in focal areas such as integrated circuits, industrial machine tools, high-end instruments, basic software, advanced materials, and biomanufacturing across the full chain. Highlight national strategic needs and deploy and implement a batch of major national scientific and technological tasks. Strengthen strategic, forward-looking, and systematized layout of basic research, increase the proportion of investment in basic research, and provide greater long-term stable support. Reinforce the orientation toward original innovation in scientific research and technological development, optimize an environment conducive to original and disruptive innovation, and produce more landmark original achievements.
(12) Promote Deep Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation. Coordinate the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces and enhance systematized tackling capabilities. Strengthen independent guarantees for basic scientific and technological conditions and coordinate the construction of scientific and technological innovation platforms and bases. Improve the regional innovation system, layout and build regional scientific and technological innovation centers and industrial scientific and technological innovation highlands, and reinforce the originating function of international scientific and technological innovation centers. Accelerate the efficient transformation and application of major scientific and technological achievements, layout and build concept verification and pilot verification platforms, intensify the construction and opening of application scenarios, and strengthen the protection and utilization of intellectual property rights. Create an open innovation ecosystem with global competitiveness. Support young scientific and technological talents in innovation and entrepreneurship. Strengthen the popularization of science and technology, cultivate an innovation culture, and promote the spirit of scientists. Strengthen the construction of science and technology rule of law, ethics, integrity, and safety.
Reinforce the principal position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, promote the aggregation of innovation resources toward enterprises, support enterprises in leading the formation of innovation consortia and undertaking more national scientific and technological tasks, encourage enterprises to increase investment in basic research, and promote deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain. Cultivate and expand leading scientific and technological enterprises, support the development of high-tech enterprises and science and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, and raise the proportion of additional deductions for enterprise R&D expenses. Intensify government procurement of independent innovative products.
(13) Advance the Integrated Development of Education, Science and Technology, and Talent. Establish sound coordination mechanisms for integrated advancement, strengthen planning alignment, policy synergy, resource coordination, and evaluation linkage, promote benign interaction between independent scientific and technological innovation and independent talent cultivation, and build education centers, science centers, and talent centers with global influence. Collaborate in talent cultivation around scientific and technological innovation, industrial development, and national strategic needs; optimize the layout of higher education institutions, advance reforms by category, coordinate discipline settings; deeply promote the construction of “double first-class” universities and national interdisciplinary centers; reinforce the talent aggregation and cultivation functions of scientific research institutions, innovation platforms, enterprises, and science and technology programs; and nurture top innovative talents. Accelerate the construction of national strategic talent forces, cultivate more strategic scientists, leading scientific and technological talents, outstanding engineers, master craftsmen, highly skilled talents, and other types of talents. Strengthen talent collaboration, optimize talent structures, and promote coordinated regional development of talents. Orient evaluations toward innovation capability, quality, effectiveness, and contribution; deepen reforms in project review, institutional assessment, talent evaluation, and income distribution; unblock talent exchange channels among universities, scientific research institutes, and enterprises; and stimulate the dynamism and vitality of innovation and creation. Deepen international exchanges and cooperation, establish a high-tech talent immigration system, and attract and cultivate outstanding talents from around the world.
(14) Deeply Advance the Construction of Digital China. Establish sound basic systems for data elements, build an open, shared, and secure nationally integrated data market, and deepen the development and utilization of data resources. Promote deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy, and implement the industrial internet innovation and development project. Accelerate innovation in digital and intelligent technologies such as artificial intelligence, achieve breakthroughs in basic theories and core technologies, and strengthen the efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data. Comprehensively implement the “AI+” action, lead paradigm shifts in scientific research with artificial intelligence, strengthen the combination of artificial intelligence with industrial development, cultural construction, livelihood guarantees, and social governance, seize the commanding heights of AI industrial applications, and empower all sectors in all directions. Strengthen AI governance, improve relevant laws, regulations, policy systems, application norms, and ethical guidelines. Improve regulation, and promote innovation and healthy development of the platform economy.
Unofficial Translation of the CPC Central Committee’s Proposal for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030)
Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development (Adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on October 23, 2025)
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has conducted an in-depth analysis of the international and domestic situations and hereby puts forward the following proposals on formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.
I. The 15th Five-Year Plan Period Is a Critical Phase for Basically Realizing Socialist Modernization
(1) Major Achievements in China’s Development During the 14th Five-Year Plan Period. The course of China’s development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period has been highly unusual and extraordinary. Facing a complex and volatile international environment and arduous tasks of domestic reform, development, and stability, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has united and led the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups across the country to forge ahead against all odds, withstand the severe impact of the once-in-a-century pandemic, effectively respond to a series of major risks and challenges, and achieve new major successes in the cause of the Party and the country.
Economic performance has been stable with progress; high-quality development has advanced solidly; scientific and technological innovation has yielded fruitful results, and new productive forces have developed steadily; comprehensive deepening of reform has progressed further, and high-level opening up has continued to expand; whole-process people’s democracy has developed in depth, and law-based governance has been effectively implemented; cultural undertakings and industries have flourished, with a rich variety of spiritual and cultural products; people’s livelihood safeguards have been solid and secure, and the achievements in poverty alleviation have been consolidated and expanded; the pace of green and low-carbon transformation has accelerated, and ecological and environmental quality has continued to improve; national security capabilities have been effectively enhanced, social governance efficacy has increased, and overall social stability has been maintained; major progress has been made in national defense and military development; the practice of “one country, two systems” has advanced in depth; major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics has been comprehensively expanded; the Party’s strict self-governance has yielded remarkable results, the fight against corruption has advanced in depth, and the Party’s creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness have been markedly strengthened.
China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and overall national power have reached new heights; Chinese modernization has taken new and solid steps; and a good start has been made in the new journey toward the second centenary goal. These major achievements are fundamentally attributable to the helm and leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and to the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
(2) The Strategic Position of the 15th Five-Year Plan Period in the Process of Basically Realizing Socialist Modernization. Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of progressive advancement and continuous development, requiring unremitting efforts and sustained struggle. The 15th Five-Year Plan period is a critical phase for consolidating the foundation and fully exerting efforts to basically realize socialist modernization. It is essential to consolidate and expand advantages, break through bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weak links, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks bearing on the overall situation of Chinese modernization, and lay a more solid foundation for basically realizing socialist modernization.
(3) Profound and Complex Changes in China’s Development Environment During the 15th Five-Year Plan Period. Relations among major countries are shaping the international landscape, and the evolution of the international situation is profoundly affecting domestic development. China’s development is in a period where strategic opportunities coexist with risks and challenges, and unpredictable factors are increasing.
Internationally, the profound changes unseen in a century are accelerating; the balance of international power is undergoing profound adjustments; a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is breaking through rapidly; and China has many favorable conditions to actively manage international space and shape the external environment. At the same time, global turmoil is intertwined and intensifying, with frequent geopolitical conflicts; unilateralism and protectionism are rising, and threats from hegemonism and power politics are increasing; the international economic and trade order faces severe challenges; global economic growth lacks momentum; and great-power games are becoming more complex and intense.
Domestically, China has a solid economic foundation, numerous advantages, strong resilience, and great potential; the supporting conditions and basic trend of long-term positive development remain unchanged; and the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the super-large market, a complete industrial system, and abundant human resources are becoming more prominent. At the same time, problems of unbalanced and inadequate development remain prominent; effective demand is insufficient, and there are blockages in the domestic circulation; the task of transforming old growth drivers into new ones is arduous; agricultural and rural modernization lags relatively behind; pressures on employment and resident income growth are significant, and there are shortcomings in livelihood safeguards; changes in population structure pose new challenges to economic development and social governance; and risks and hidden dangers persist in key areas.
Changes contain opportunities, and challenges inspire fighting spirit. The entire Party must profoundly grasp the decisive significance of the “two establishments,” enhance the “four consciousnesses,” strengthen the “four self-confidences,” and achieve the “two maintenances”; maintain strategic resolve, boost confidence in victory, actively recognize, respond to, and seek change; dare to struggle and be adept at struggle; bravely face major tests of high winds and rough waves or even perilous storms; with a spirit of historical initiative, overcome difficulties, combat risks, and meet challenges; concentrate on running our own affairs well; continue writing new chapters in the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability; and strive to open a new phase in building Chinese modernization.
II. Guiding Principles and Main Goals for Economic and Social Development During the 15th Five-Year Plan Period
(4) Guiding Ideology for Economic and Social Development During the 15th Five-Year Plan Period. Uphold Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development; fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the CPC and the plenary sessions of the 20th Central Committee; focus on building a modern socialist country in all respects and achieving the second centenary goal; comprehensively advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese modernization; promote in a coordinated manner the overall layout of “five-sphere integration” and the strategic layout of “four comprehensives”; coordinate the domestic and international situations; fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development philosophy; accelerate the building of a new development pattern; adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability; persist in taking economic construction as the center, high-quality development as the theme, reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force, meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life as the fundamental purpose, and strict Party self-governance as the fundamental guarantee; promote effective qualitative improvement and reasonable quantitative growth of the economy; advance the comprehensive development of the people and solid steps toward common prosperity for all; and ensure decisive progress in basically realizing socialist modernization.
(5) Principles That Must Be Followed in Economic and Social Development During the 15th Five-Year Plan Period.
Uphold the Party’s overall leadership. Resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee; enhance the Party’s ability to steer the direction, plan the overall situation, formulate policies, and promote reform; ensure the Party’s leadership runs through all aspects and the entire process of economic and social development; and provide a fundamental guarantee for China’s socialist modernization.
Uphold putting the people first. Respect the principal status of the people, rely closely on the people, safeguard their fundamental interests, promote social fairness and justice, focus on ensuring and improving people’s livelihood in the course of development, expand development space while meeting livelihood needs, promote coordinated economic and social development with mutual reinforcement of material and spiritual civilizations, and ensure that the fruits of modernization benefit all the people more and more equitably.
Uphold high-quality development. Guide development with the new development philosophy, develop new productive forces in line with local conditions, strengthen the domestic circulation, smooth the domestic and international dual circulation, coordinate the expansion of domestic demand with deepening supply-side structural reform, accelerate the cultivation of new growth drivers, promote the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure, improve increments, activate existing stocks, and drive sustained and healthy economic development and comprehensive social progress.
Uphold comprehensive deepening of reform. Focus on institutional obstacles constraining high-quality development, advance deep-level reforms, expand high-level opening up, better align production relations with productive forces, superstructure with economic base, and national governance with social development, and continuously enhance development momentum and social vitality.
Uphold the combination of an effective market and a proactive government. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better leverage the role of the government, build a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, develop a rule-of-law economy and a credit economy, create a world-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized, and form an economic order that is both dynamic and well-regulated.
Uphold the coordination of development and security. Secure development through security and pursue development amid security, strengthen bottom-line thinking, effectively prevent and defuse various risks, enhance economic and social resilience, and safeguard the new development pattern with a new security architecture.
(6) Main Goals for Economic and Social Development During the 15th Five-Year Plan Period.
Significant results in high-quality development. Economic growth remains in a reasonable range, total factor productivity rises steadily, the resident consumption rate increases markedly, the leading role of domestic demand in driving growth continues to strengthen, economic growth potential is fully unleashed, the building of a unified national market advances in depth, the advantages of the super-large market continue to manifest, major progress is made in new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, and major breakthroughs are achieved in developing new productive forces, building a new development pattern, and constructing a modern economic system.
Substantial improvement in self-reliance and strength in science and technology. The overall efficacy of the national innovation system is markedly enhanced, an integrated pattern of education, science and technology, and talent development is basically formed, basic research and original innovation capabilities are significantly strengthened, key core technologies in priority areas achieve rapid breakthroughs, the number of fields where China keeps pace or takes the lead increases noticeably, science and technology innovation and industrial innovation are deeply integrated, and the driving role of innovation is markedly strengthened.
New breakthroughs in further comprehensive deepening of reform. The modernization of the national governance system and capacity advances in depth, the socialist market economy system is further improved, high-level opening-up institutions and mechanisms are sounder, the institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of whole-process people’s democracy are further enhanced, and the building of a socialist rule-of-law country reaches a higher level.
Marked elevation in the degree of social civilization. Cultural confidence is fir, mainstream thought and public opinion are continuously consolidated and expanded, socialist core values are widely practiced, the innovative and creative vitality of the entire nation is continuously unleashed, people’s spiritual and cultural lives are richer, the cohesion of the Chinese nation and the influence of Chinese culture are significantly strengthened, and national soft power continues to grow.
Continuous improvement in the quality of people’s lives. New progress is made in high-quality and full employment, resident income growth synchronizes with economic growth, labor remuneration rises in step with labor productivity, the distribution structure is optimized, the middle-income group continues to expand, the social security system is more optimized and sustainable, and the equalization of basic public services is markedly improved.
New major progress in building a Beautiful China. Green production and lifestyle patterns are basically formed, carbon peaking goals are achieved on schedule, a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy system is preliminarily established, total emissions of major pollutants continue to decrease, and the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems are continuously enhanced.
Further consolidation of national security barriers. The national security system and capabilities are further strengthened, risks in key areas are effectively prevented and defused, social governance and public safety governance levels are markedly improved, the centenary goal of building the military is achieved on schedule, and the building of a higher-level Peaceful China advances solidly.
On this basis, with another five years of struggle, by 2035 China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength, overall national power, and international influence will have leapt significantly; per capita GDP will reach the level of moderately developed countries; people’s lives will be happier and better; and socialist modernization will be basically realized.
III. Building a Modern Industrial System and Consolidating the Foundation of the Real Economy
A modern industrial system is the material and technological foundation of Chinese modernization. We must focus on the real economy as the priority in economic development, adhere to the directions of intelligence, green development, and integration, accelerate the building of a strong manufacturing nation, a quality nation, an aerospace power, a transportation power, and a cyber power, maintain a reasonable proportion of manufacturing, and construct a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone.
(7) Optimize and Upgrade Traditional Industries. Promote quality upgrades in key industries and consolidate and enhance the position and competitiveness of industries such as mining, metallurgy, chemicals, light industry, textiles, machinery, shipbuilding, and construction in the global industrial division of labor. Improve the independent and controllable level of industrial chains, strengthen industrial foundation reengineering and breakthroughs in major technical equipment, implement rolling actions for high-quality development of key manufacturing industry chains, and develop advanced manufacturing clusters. Promote technological transformation and upgrading, advance the digital and intelligent transformation of manufacturing, develop intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing, and service-oriented manufacturing, and accelerate changes in industrial models and enterprise organizational forms. Enhance foundational capabilities in quality and technology, strengthen standard leadership and internationalization, and bolster brand building. Optimize industrial layout and promote orderly domestic transfer of key industries.
(8) Cultivate and Expand Emerging and Future Industries. Focus on building emerging pillar industries. Implement industrial innovation projects, advance in an integrated manner the construction of innovation facilities, technological R&D, and product iteration upgrades, and accelerate the cluster development of strategic emerging industries such as new energy, new materials, aerospace, and low-altitude economy. Improve the industrial ecosystem, implement large-scale application demonstration actions for new technologies, new products, and new scenarios, and accelerate the scaled development of emerging industries.
Proactively plan for future industries, explore multiple technical routes, typical application scenarios, feasible business models, and market regulatory rules, and promote quantum technology, biomanufacturing, hydrogen energy and fusion energy, brain-computer interfaces, embodied intelligence, sixth-generation mobile communications, and others to become new economic growth points. Innovate regulatory approaches, develop venture capital, and establish mechanisms for growth in future industry investment and risk sharing. Promote the specialized, refined, differential, and innovative development of SMEs and cultivate unicorn enterprises.
(9) Promote High-Quality and Efficient Development of the Service Sector. Implement actions to expand capacity and improve quality in the service sector, expand opening up of services, deepen regulatory reforms, improve supporting policy systems, expand high-quality business entities, advance the extension of producer services toward specialization and high-end value chains in different fields, and promote high-quality, diversified, and convenient development of consumer services. Enhance the integrated development of modern services with advanced manufacturing and modern agriculture, and advance the digital and intelligent transformation of services. Strengthen the construction of service standards, quality, and brands. Improve the statistical monitoring system for the service sector.
(10) Build a Modern Infrastructure System. Strengthen overall planning of infrastructure, optimize layout structures, promote integrated fusion, and enhance security, resilience, and operational sustainability. Construct new-type infrastructure ahead of demand where appropriate, advance the construction and intensive, efficient utilization of information and communication networks, a national integrated computing power network, and major scientific and technological infrastructure, and promote the upgrading and digital-intelligent transformation of traditional infrastructure. Improve the modern comprehensive transportation system, strengthen cross-regional coordinated layout and cross-mode integrated connectivity, and enhance coverage and accessibility in weak areas. Build a diversified and resilient international transportation corridor system. Optimize the layout of energy backbone channels and accelerate the construction of new energy infrastructure. Speed up the building of a modern water network to enhance flood and drought disaster defense, coordinated water resource allocation, and urban-rural water supply security. Advance the construction of dual-use public infrastructure in cities for peacetime and emergency needs.
IV. Accelerating High-Level Self-Reliance in Science and Technology to Lead the Development of New Quality Productive Forces
Chinese modernization must be supported by scientific and technological modernization. Seize the historical opportunities of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, coordinate the building of an education power, a science and technology power, and a talent power, enhance the overall efficacy of the national innovation system, comprehensively strengthen independent innovation capabilities, seize the commanding heights of scientific and technological development, and continuously give birth to new quality productive forces.
(11) Strengthen Original Innovation and Breakthroughs in Key Core Technologies. Improve the new nationwide system, adopt extraordinary measures, and promote decisive breakthroughs in key core technologies in priority areas such as integrated circuits, industrial machine tools, high-end instruments, basic software, advanced materials, and biomanufacturing across the full chain. Highlight national strategic needs and deploy a batch of major national scientific and technological tasks. Strengthen strategic, forward-looking, and systematic layout in basic research, increase the proportion of basic research investment, and provide greater long-term stable support. Reinforce the orientation toward original innovation in scientific research and technological development, optimize an environment conducive to original and disruptive innovation, and produce more landmark original achievements.
(12) Promote Deep Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation. Coordinate the building of national strategic scientific and technological forces and enhance systematic breakthrough capabilities. Strengthen independent safeguards for basic scientific and technological conditions and coordinate the construction of innovation platforms and bases. Improve the regional innovation system, layout regional science and technology innovation centers and industrial innovation highlands, and strengthen the originating function of international science and technology innovation centers. Accelerate the efficient transformation and application of major scientific and technological achievements, layout concept verification and pilot verification platforms, increase the construction and opening of application scenarios, and strengthen intellectual property protection and utilization. Create an open innovation ecosystem with global competitiveness. Support young scientific and technological talents in innovation and entrepreneurship. Strengthen the popularization of science and technology, cultivate an innovation culture, and promote the spirit of scientists. Strengthen the construction of science and technology laws, ethics, integrity, and security.
Reinforce the principal role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, promote the concentration of innovation resources in enterprises, support enterprises in leading the formation of innovation consortia and undertaking more national scientific and technological tasks, encourage enterprises to increase investment in basic research, and promote deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain. Cultivate and expand leading science and technology enterprises, support high-tech enterprises and science and technology-based SMEs, and increase the proportion of R&D expense tax deductions for enterprises. Intensify government procurement of independent innovative products.
(13) Advance the Integrated Development of Education, Science and Technology, and Talent. Establish and improve coordination mechanisms for integrated advancement, strengthen planning alignment, policy coordination, resource integration, and evaluation linkage, promote positive interaction between independent scientific and technological innovation and independent talent cultivation, and build education centers, science centers, and talent centers with global influence. Collaborate in talent cultivation around scientific and technological innovation, industrial development, and national strategic needs; optimize the layout of higher education institutions, advance reforms by category, coordinate discipline settings; deepen the construction of “double first-class” universities and national interdisciplinary centers; strengthen the talent aggregation and cultivation functions of scientific research institutions, innovation platforms, enterprises, and science and technology programs; and cultivate top innovative talents. Accelerate the building of national strategic talent forces, train more strategic scientists, leading scientific and technological talents, outstanding engineers, master craftsmen, and highly skilled personnel. Strengthen talent collaboration, optimize talent structure, and promote coordinated regional talent development. Orient evaluations toward innovation capability, quality, effectiveness, and contribution; deepen reforms in project review, institutional assessment, talent evaluation, and income distribution; unblock talent exchange channels among universities, research institutes, and enterprises; and stimulate innovation and creativity. Deepen international exchanges and cooperation, establish a high-tech talent immigration system, and attract and cultivate outstanding global talents.
(14) Deepen the Construction of Digital China. Improve foundational systems for data elements, build an open, shared, and secure national integrated data market, and deepen the development and utilization of data resources. Promote deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy, and implement innovative industrial internet development projects. Accelerate innovation in digital and intelligent technologies such as artificial intelligence, break through basic theories and core technologies, and strengthen efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data. Comprehensively implement the “AI+” action, lead paradigm shifts in scientific research with artificial intelligence, strengthen the combination of AI with industrial development, cultural construction, livelihood security, and social governance, seize the commanding heights of AI industry applications, and empower all sectors comprehensively. Strengthen AI governance, improve relevant laws, regulations, policies, application norms, and ethical guidelines. Improve regulation and promote innovative and healthy development of the platform economy.
V. Building a Strong Domestic Market and Accelerating the Formation of a New Development Pattern
A strong domestic market is the strategic foundation of Chinese modernization. Adhere to expanding domestic demand as the strategic priority, closely integrate improving people’s livelihood with promoting consumption and investing in physical assets with investing in human capital, lead new supply with new demand and create new demand with new supply, promote positive interaction between consumption and investment as well as supply and demand, and enhance the endogenous power and reliability of the domestic circulation.
(15) Vigorously Boost Consumption. Deepen the implementation of special actions to boost consumption. Coordinate efforts to promote employment, increase incomes, and stabilize expectations; reasonably increase the proportion of public service expenditures in fiscal spending; and enhance residents’ consumption capacity. Expand the supply of high-quality consumer goods and services. Focus on relaxing market access and integrating business formats to expand service consumption; strengthen brand leadership, standard upgrades, and new technology applications; promote the expansion and upgrading of goods consumption; and create a batch of new consumption scenarios with broad influence and high visibility. Cultivate international consumption center cities and expand inbound consumption. Increase the intensity of inclusive policies directly benefiting consumers and boost government funding for livelihood security expenditures. Improve systems and mechanisms to promote consumption, remove unreasonable restrictive measures on consumption in automobiles, housing, etc., establish sound management methods adapted to new consumption formats, models, and scenarios, and implement paid staggered vacations. Strengthen consumer rights protection.
(16) Expand Effective Investment. Maintain reasonable investment growth and improve investment efficiency. Optimize the structure of government investment, increase the proportion of livelihood-related government investment, and advance high-quality implementation of national major strategies and projects to build security capabilities in key areas. Adapt to changes in population structure and mobility trends, improve the layout of infrastructure and public service facilities, and strengthen investment in human resource development and comprehensive human development. Coordinate the use of various government investments and explore the compilation of full-caliber government investment plans in areas with strong foundations. Strengthen full-process management of government investment. Deepen reforms in the investment approval system and further clarify central and local investment directions and priorities. Strengthen planning and demonstration, and implement a batch of major landmark engineering projects. Improve long-term mechanisms for private enterprises to participate in major project construction, leverage the guiding role of government investment funds, stimulate private investment vitality, increase the proportion of private investment, and enhance market-led growth momentum for effective investment.
(17) Resolutely Eliminate Blockages Hindering the Construction of a Unified National Market. Unify foundational market institution rules, improve systems for property rights protection, market access, information disclosure, social credit, mergers and acquisitions, and market exit; eliminate barriers in factor acquisition, qualification recognition, bidding, and government procurement; standardize local government economic promotion behaviors; and break local protectionism and market segmentation. Comprehensively rectify “involutionary” competition. Unify market supervision and law enforcement, strengthen quality supervision, improve administrative discretion benchmark systems, intensify anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition enforcement and judicial efforts, and form a market order of premium pricing for quality and benign competition. Improve integrated circulation rules and standards, connect market facilities to high standards, and reduce logistics costs across society. Improve statistical, fiscal, tax, and assessment systems conducive to unified national market construction, and optimize benefit sharing between enterprise headquarters and branches as well as production and consumption areas.
VI. Accelerating the Building of a High-Level Socialist Market Economy System to Enhance Momentum for High-Quality Development
A high-level socialist market economy system is an important guarantee for Chinese modernization. We must uphold and improve the basic socialist economic system, better leverage the leading role of economic system reform, improve the macroeconomic governance system, and ensure high-quality development proceeds steadily and reaches far.
(18) Fully Stimulate the Vitality of All Types of Business Entities. Uphold and implement the “two unswervinglys,” promote complementary advantages and common development among economies of all forms of ownership. Deepen the reform of state-owned assets and enterprises, make state-owned enterprises and state capital stronger, better, and larger, advance the optimization of the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, and enhance the core functions and competitiveness of state-owned enterprises. Implement the law on promoting the private economy, ensure equal access to factors of production, fair participation in market competition, and effective protection of legitimate rights and interests through laws and institutions, and develop and expand the private economy. Support the development of SMEs and individual industrial and commercial households, and promote coordinated and integrated development among large, medium, and small enterprises. Strengthen judicial protection of property rights enforcement, and enhance judicial supervision over compulsory measures such as sealing, seizure, and freezing. Improve the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, promote the spirit of entrepreneurship, and accelerate the building of more world-class enterprises.
(19) Accelerate the Improvement of Market-Based Allocation Mechanisms for Factors of Production. Promote the efficient allocation of various factor resources, and establish and improve a unified urban-rural construction land market, a fully functional capital market, a smoothly flowing labor market, and a highly efficient technology market. Compile macroeconomic balance sheets, fully ascertain the base number of stock resources and assets, and optimize asset-liability structures. Improve policies on mergers, acquisitions, bankruptcy, and replacement to activate and make good use of inefficient land, idle properties, and stock infrastructure. Improve laws and regulations on the renewal of industrial and commercial land use rights, and steadily advance renewal work in accordance with the law. Promote the activation and sharing of stock state-owned assets in administrative institutions nationwide. Facilitate organic linkage between judicial enforcement and bankruptcy systems, and effectively activate sealed and frozen assets in accordance with the law.
(20) Enhance the Efficacy of Macroeconomic Governance. Strengthen the strategic guiding role of national development planning, enhance coordination between fiscal and monetary policies, give full play to policies on industry, pricing, employment, consumption, investment, trade, regions, environmental protection, and regulation, and promote the formation of more economic development models dominated by domestic demand, driven by consumption, and powered by endogenous growth. Strengthen counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments, implement more proactive macroeconomic policies, and continuously stabilize growth, employment, and expectations. Enhance the consistency of macroeconomic policy orientations, strengthen policy implementation effect evaluations, improve expectation management mechanisms, and optimize comprehensive performance assessments for high-quality development.
Leverage the role of proactive fiscal policy and enhance fiscal sustainability. Strengthen scientific fiscal management, improve the coordination of fiscal resources and budgets, and ensure fiscal support for major national strategic tasks and basic livelihoods. Deepen zero-based budget reform, unify budget allocation authority, optimize the fiscal expenditure structure, and strengthen budget performance management. Improve the local tax and direct tax systems, refine tax policies on operating income, capital income, and property income, standardize preferential tax policies, and maintain a reasonable macro tax burden level. Appropriately strengthen central authorities and increase the proportion of central fiscal expenditures. Increase local autonomous financial resources. Strengthen financial and accounting supervision. Accelerate the building of a long-term government debt management mechanism adapted to high-quality development.
Accelerate the building of a financial powerhouse. Improve the central bank system, build a scientific and prudent monetary policy framework and a comprehensive macro-prudential management system, and smooth monetary policy transmission mechanisms. Vigorously develop technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance. Enhance the inclusiveness and adaptability of capital market institutions, and improve capital market functions that coordinate investment and financing. Actively develop direct financing such as equity and bonds, and steadily develop futures, derivatives, and asset securitization. Optimize the financial institution system, promote various financial institutions to focus on their main businesses, improve governance, and develop in a differentiated manner. Build safe and efficient financial infrastructure. Steadily develop the digital RMB. Accelerate the building of Shanghai as an international financial center. Comprehensively strengthen financial regulation, enhance central-local regulatory coordination, enrich risk disposal resources and tools, build a risk prevention and resolution system, and ensure stable financial operations.
VII. Expanding High-Level Opening Up to Create a New Landscape of Win-Win Cooperation
Adhering to open cooperation and mutual benefit is an inevitable requirement for Chinese modernization. Steadily expand institutional opening up, safeguard the multilateral trading system, expand the international circulation, promote reform and development through opening up, and share opportunities and achieve common development with countries around the world.
(21) Actively Expand Independent Opening Up. Align with international high-standard economic and trade rules, focus on services to expand market access and opening areas, and enlarge unilateral opening areas and regions. Accelerate the process of regional and bilateral trade and investment agreements, and expand the network of high-standard free trade areas. Optimize the regional opening layout and create open highlands of diverse forms. Implement the strategy to upgrade free trade pilot zones and build the Hainan Free Trade Port to high standards. Coordinate the layout and construction of major open cooperation platforms for scientific and technological innovation, service trade, and industrial development. Advance the internationalization of the RMB, elevate the opening level of capital accounts, and build an independent and controllable RMB cross-border payment system. Promote reforms in global economic and financial governance, and push for the building and maintenance of a fair, just, open, inclusive, and win-win international economic order.
(22) Promote Innovative Development of Trade. Promote the quality and efficiency improvement of foreign trade and accelerate the building of a trade powerhouse. Diversify markets and integrate domestic and foreign trade, optimize and upgrade goods trade, expand intermediate goods trade and green trade, and promote balanced import and export development. Vigorously develop service trade, encourage service exports, improve the negative list management system for cross-border service trade, and elevate the standardization level of service trade. Innovatively develop digital trade and orderly expand opening in digital areas. Enhance the functions of trade promotion platforms and support the development of new formats and models such as cross-border e-commerce. Improve export control and security review mechanisms.
(23) Expand Space for Two-Way Investment Cooperation. Shape new advantages in attracting foreign investment, fully implement “access plus operation,” shorten the negative list for foreign investment access, and promote reinvestment by foreign capital in China. Improve the service guarantee system for foreign investment, fully implement national treatment, advance efficient, convenient, and secure cross-border data flows, and create a transparent, stable, and predictable institutional environment. Effectively implement foreign investment management, improve comprehensive overseas service systems, promote integrated trade and investment development, and guide the rational and orderly cross-border layout of industrial and supply chains.
(24) Jointly Build the Belt and Road Initiative with High Quality. Strengthen strategic alignment with participating countries and enhance coordinated cooperation planning and management. Deepen “hard connectivity” in infrastructure, “soft connectivity” in rules and standards, and “heart connectivity” with the peoples of participating countries; improve the layout of a three-dimensional interconnected network; and coordinate the advancement of major landmark projects and “small yet beautiful” livelihood projects. Elevate the development level of China-Europe (Asia) Railway Express. Accelerate the construction of the New Western Land-Sea Corridor. Deepen practical cooperation in trade, investment, industry, and humanities; expand new cooperation spaces in green development, artificial intelligence, digital economy, health, tourism, and agriculture. Improve diversified, sustainable, and risk-controllable investment and financing systems. Strengthen the protection of overseas interests.
VIII. Accelerating Agricultural and Rural Modernization and Solidly Advancing Comprehensive Rural Revitalization
Agricultural and rural modernization concerns the overall situation and quality of Chinese modernization. We must continue to prioritize solving issues related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers as the top priority of the Party’s work, promote integrated urban-rural development, continuously consolidate and expand achievements in poverty alleviation, enable rural areas to basically possess modern living conditions, and accelerate the building of a strong agricultural nation.
(25) Enhance Comprehensive Agricultural Production Capacity and Quality Benefits. Adhere to the integrated advancement of output capacity, production ecology, and income growth; coordinate the development of technology-driven agriculture, green agriculture, quality agriculture, and brand agriculture; and transform agriculture into a modern large-scale industry. Intensify the implementation of a new round of actions to increase grain production capacity by 100 billion jin, and strengthen supply guarantees for grain and other important agricultural products. Strictly guard the red line for arable land, rigorously manage occupation-compensation balance, and coordinate the optimization of agricultural land layout. Advance high-standard farmland construction with high quality, strengthen black soil protection and comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land, and improve arable land quality. Deepen the implementation of seed industry revitalization actions, promote R&D and application of high-end intelligent agricultural machinery suitable for hilly and mountainous areas, and facilitate integrated efficiency gains from good fields, seeds, machinery, and methods. Develop agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries in parallel, advance modern facility agriculture, and build a diversified food supply system. Develop the under-forest economy and expand the forestry and grass industries. Stabilize land contracting relations and steadily advance pilots for extending second-round contracts by another 30 years upon expiration. Develop moderately scaled agricultural operations, improve the quality of new-type agricultural business entities, refine convenient and efficient agricultural socialized service systems, and promote organic linkage between small farmers and modern agricultural development.
(26) Advance the Construction of Livable, Business-Friendly, and Beautiful Villages. Learn from and apply the experience of the “Ten Million Project,” improve rural construction implementation mechanisms tailored to local conditions, advance rural revitalization in a categorized, orderly, and area-based manner, and gradually enhance the completeness of rural infrastructure, convenience of public services, and comfort of living environments. Coordinate and optimize village and town layouts, and promote integrated planning, construction, and management of county-level infrastructure. Synergistically advance county-level territorial space governance, steadily conduct comprehensive land remediation across entire domains, continuously improve rural living environments, persistently address issues such as rural toilet reform and garbage encirclement of villages with a nail-driving spirit, accelerate the filling of shortcomings in rural modern living conditions, and create high-quality rural living spaces. Develop county economies with distinctive features, tap multiple functions of agriculture, promote deep integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, cultivate and expand rural characteristic industries, improve mechanisms linking farmers and driving their benefits, and promote stable income growth for farmers.
(27) Improve the Efficacy of Policies to Strengthen, Benefit, and Enrich Agriculture and Farmers. Establish a diversified investment pattern with priority fiscal guarantees, focused financial support, and active social participation to ensure continuously strengthened inputs for rural revitalization. Protect and mobilize farmers’ enthusiasm for farming and grain production, and strengthen coordinated policy support in pricing, subsidies, and insurance. Increase interest compensation for major grain-producing areas and implement inter-provincial horizontal interest compensation between producing and marketing areas. Strengthen grain purchase, sales, and reserve management. Diversify agricultural product imports and promote coordination between trade and production. Facilitate two-way flow of urban-rural factors, incentivize various talents to serve and start businesses in rural areas. Use rural collective commercial construction land economically and intensively, activate idle land and houses in accordance with the law, and categorically secure land for rural development. Support the development of new-type rural collective economies.
Coordinate the establishment of normalized mechanisms to prevent return to poverty, adhere to targeted assistance, improve bottom-line guarantees, strengthen development-oriented assistance, enhance endogenous motivation, provide layered and categorized support to underdeveloped areas, refine support policies for key rural revitalization counties, and ensure no large-scale return to poverty occurs.
VIII. Accelerate Agricultural and Rural Modernization, Solidly Promote Comprehensive Rural Revitalization
Agricultural and rural modernization is integral to the overall success and quality of Chinese-style modernization. We must continue to prioritize addressing issues related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers as the top focus of the Party’s work, promote integrated urban-rural development, continuously consolidate and expand achievements in poverty alleviation, ensure rural areas basically possess modern living conditions, and accelerate the building of a strong agricultural nation.
(25) Enhance Comprehensive Agricultural Production Capacity and Quality Benefits. Adhere to simultaneously addressing output capacity, production ecology, and increasing both production and income; coordinate the development of technology-driven agriculture, green agriculture, quality agriculture, and brand agriculture; and transform agriculture into a modern major industry. Intensify the implementation of a new round of actions to increase grain production capacity by 100 billion jin, and strengthen supply security for grain and other important agricultural products. Strictly guard the red line for arable land, enforce strict management of occupation-compensation balance, and optimize the layout of agricultural land. Promote high-quality construction of high-standard farmland, strengthen the protection of black soil and comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land, and improve arable land quality. Deeply implement the seed industry revitalization action, advance the research, development, and application of high-end intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment suitable for hilly and mountainous areas, and promote the integrated efficiency of high-quality farmland, seeds, machinery, and methods. Develop crop farming, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries in parallel, advance modern facility agriculture, and build a diversified food supply system. Develop the under-forest economy and expand the forestry and grassland industries. Stabilize land contracting relationships and steadily advance pilots for extending second-round contracts by another 30 years upon expiration. Develop moderately scaled agricultural operations, improve the quality of new types of agricultural business entities, refine convenient and efficient agricultural socialized service systems, and promote organic connections between smallholder farmers and modern agricultural development.
(26) Advance the Construction of Livable, Business-Friendly, and Beautiful Villages. Learn from and apply the experience of the “Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation” project, improve rural construction implementation mechanisms tailored to local conditions, promote rural revitalization in a categorized, orderly, and area-based manner, and gradually enhance the completeness of rural infrastructure, convenience of public services, and comfort of the living environment. Coordinate and optimize village and town layouts, and promote integrated planning, construction, and management of county-level infrastructure. Synergistically advance county-level territorial spatial governance, steadily conduct comprehensive land remediation across entire domains, continuously improve the rural living environment, resolve issues such as rural toilet renovation and garbage encirclement of villages with a nail-driving spirit, accelerate the filling of shortcomings in rural modern living conditions, and create high-quality rural living spaces. Develop county economies with distinctive features, tap multiple functions of agriculture, promote deep integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, cultivate and expand rural characteristic industries, improve mechanisms for linking farmers and driving their participation, and promote stable income growth for farmers.
(27) Improve the Effectiveness of Policies to Strengthen, Benefit, and Enrich Agriculture and Farmers. Establish a sound multi-input pattern with priority fiscal guarantees, focused financial倾斜, and active social participation to ensure continuously strengthened investment in rural revitalization. Protect and mobilize farmers’ enthusiasm for farming and grain production, and strengthen coordinated policy support in pricing, subsidies, and insurance. Increase interest compensation for major grain-producing areas and implement inter-provincial horizontal interest compensation between producing and marketing areas. Strengthen management of grain purchasing, sales, and reserves. Promote diversification of agricultural product imports and coordinate trade with production. Promote two-way flow of urban-rural factors, incentivize various talents to serve and start businesses in rural areas. Economize and intensively utilize rural collectively owned construction land for operational purposes, lawfully revitalize idle land and houses, and provide categorized guarantees for rural development land use. Support the development of new types of rural collective economies.
Coordinate the establishment of a normalized mechanism to prevent return to poverty, adhere to targeted assistance, improve safety-net guarantees, strengthen development-oriented assistance, enhance endogenous motivation, provide layered and categorized support to underdeveloped areas, refine support policies for key counties in rural revitalization, and ensure no large-scale return to poverty occurs.
IX. Optimize Regional Economic Layout, Promote Coordinated Regional Development
Coordinated regional development is an intrinsic requirement of Chinese-style modernization. Leverage the superimposed effects of regional coordinated development strategies, major regional strategies, main functional zone strategies, and new urbanization strategies; optimize the layout of major productive forces; give play to the growth pole role of key regions; and build a regional economic layout and territorial spatial system featuring complementary advantages and high-quality development.
(28) Enhance Coordination in Regional Development. Solidly promote the formation of a new pattern in large-scale development of the western region, achieve new breakthroughs in comprehensive revitalization of the northeast, accelerate the rise of the central region, and advance modernization in the eastern region at a faster pace, thereby promoting coordinated development between eastern, central, and western regions as well as between northern and southern China. Consolidate and elevate the role of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Yangtze River Delta, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as engines of high-quality development. Continuously advance development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. Promote high-standard, high-quality construction of Xiongan New Area as a modern city and elevate the development level of the Chengdu-Chongqing dual-city economic circle. Encourage all localities to leverage their comparative advantages and excel in their strengths, support major economic provinces in shouldering greater responsibilities, and lead the way in advancing Chinese-style modernization. Increase differentiated policy support to promote revitalization and development in old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority regions, border areas, and other regions.
(29) Promote Linked Regional Development. Advance the construction of cross-regional and cross-basin major corridors and strengthen interconnectivity of regional infrastructure. Strengthen coordinated and linked development among key city clusters and promote efficient collaboration in regional innovation chains and industrial chains. Accelerate the development of city clusters such as the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, cultivate several regional central cities, and better leverage the supporting and driving role of cross-regional connecting areas. Deepen cross-administrative district cooperation, improve mechanisms for coordinated regional planning, industrial collaboration, and benefit sharing, and expand models such as river basin economies.
(30) Optimize the Territorial Spatial Development Pattern. Strengthen the implementation of the main functional zone strategy, maintain overall stability in the patterns of urbanization areas, major agricultural product production areas, and key ecological function areas; refine and clarify special functional zones; and improve support policies and evaluation mechanisms. Promote optimized layout of strategic industries and energy resource bases. Refine the territorial spatial planning system, implement control lines for optimizing arable land and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red lines, and urban development boundaries; and implement differentiated and refined use controls by zone and category. Grant provincial governments greater autonomy in coordinating construction land, explore implementation of a model for managing total construction land based on planning periods, and adopt comprehensive supply of land integrating stock and increments.
(31) Deeply Advance People-Centered New Urbanization. Scientifically and orderly promote the citizenization of rural migrant populations and implement a system for providing basic public services based on residence registration. Advance the modernization of governance in mega-cities and super-large cities, accelerate integrated development of city clusters and homogenized development of metropolitan areas, optimize the urban scale structure, and promote coordinated development and compact layouts among large, medium, and small cities as well as small towns. Categorically advance urbanization with county seats as important carriers, enhance industrial support capacity and public service levels. Adhere to connotative urban development, vigorously implement urban renewal, and build innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and smart modern people’s cities. Solidly advance the construction of border towns.
(32) Strengthen Marine Development, Utilization, and Protection. Adhere to integrated land-sea planning, enhance capabilities in managing marine affairs, promote high-quality development of the marine economy, and accelerate the building of a strong maritime nation. Strengthen marine scientific and technological innovation, consolidate and elevate advantages in marine equipment manufacturing, expand emerging marine industries, and develop modern shipping services. Implement marine surveys and monitoring, advance the development and utilization of marine energy resources and sea areas and islands, and strengthen ecological protection and restoration in key sea areas. Reinforce support and guarantee systems for deep-sea and polar expeditions. Resolutely safeguard marine rights and interests and security, and enhance maritime law enforcement and maritime judicial capabilities.
X. Stimulate the Innovative and Creative Vitality of the Entire Nation, Prosper and Develop Socialist Culture
Cultural prosperity is an important symbol of Chinese-style modernization. Uphold Marxism’s guiding position in the ideological sphere, root in the profound Chinese civilization, adapt to trends in information technology development, develop socialist culture with Chinese characteristics for a new era that possesses strong ideological leadership, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence, and solidly advance the building of a strong cultural nation.
(33) Promote and Practice Core Socialist Values. Deepen the study, propaganda, and education of the Party’s innovative theories, and unremittingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to forge souls and unite hearts. Innovatively implement the Marxist theoretical research and construction project and accelerate the building of an independent knowledge system for Chinese philosophy and social sciences. Lead cultural construction with core socialist values, leverage culture’s role in nurturing the mind and shaping sentiments, and foster the vigorous and aspiring spiritual temperament of the entire nation. Promote cultures of integrity and clean governance. Strengthen and improve ideological and political work, advance campus cultural construction, make good use of red resources, and strengthen ideal and belief education for youth. Coordinate the advancement of spiritual civilization construction in urban and rural areas, elevate people’s civilization literacy and the degree of social civilization. Strengthen the construction and management of online content. Enhance governance capabilities in the cultural field under informationized conditions.
(34) Vigorously Prosper Cultural Undertakings. Create a sound cultural ecology, enhance original cultural capabilities, and promote the creation of high-quality works in fields such as journalism and publishing, radio, film, and television, literature, and art. Cultivate a large-scale, rationally structured, and innovatively oriented team of high-level cultural talents. Extensively carry out mass cultural activities and prosper new mass literature and art under internet conditions. Deepen systemic reforms in mainstream media, advance integrated management of news propaganda and online public opinion, and improve the guiding capacity of mainstream public opinion. Deeply implement the project for inheriting and developing outstanding traditional Chinese culture, promote systematic protection of cultural heritage and unified supervision and inspection, and strengthen effective protection and living inheritance of historical and cultural cities, blocks, and villages. Build and make good use of national cultural parks. Construct a system of identifiers for Chinese civilization. Adhere to culture benefiting the people, implement actions to improve the quality and efficiency of public cultural services. Advance the construction of a book-fragrant society. Coordinate the development of mass sports and competitive sports and accelerate the building of a strong sports nation.
(35) Accelerate the Development of Cultural Industries. Improve cultural management systems and production and operation mechanisms. Refine the cultural industry system and market system, cultivate outstanding cultural enterprises and brands, implement a strategy driven by major cultural industry projects, and adopt proactive cultural economic policies. Advance the integration of culture and technology, empower cultural construction with digital intelligence and promote information-based transformation, and develop new cultural formats. Guide and regulate the healthy development of online literature, online games, online audio-visual content, and strengthen online protection for minors. Advance the building of a strong tourism nation, enrich the supply of high-quality tourism products, and improve tourism service quality. Elevate the convenience and internationalization of inbound tourism. Promote deep integration of culture and tourism, vigorously develop the cultural tourism industry, and empower economic and social development with culture.
(36) Enhance the Dissemination and Influence of Chinese Civilization. Improve international communication systems and mechanisms, innovate carriers and methods of dissemination, strengthen the construction of key bases, enhance the international communication capabilities of mainstream media, comprehensively elevate international discourse power, tell China’s stories well, and present a credible, lovable, and respectable image of China. Strengthen regional and country-specific studies to improve the effectiveness of international communication. Deepen exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, extensively conduct international humanistic exchange and cooperation, and encourage more cultural enterprises and outstanding cultural products to go global.
XI. Strengthen Efforts to Ensure and Improve People’s Livelihood, Solidly Promote Common Prosperity for All People
Realizing the people’s aspirations for a better life is the starting point and ultimate goal of Chinese-style modernization. We must do our utmost while acting within our capabilities, strengthen inclusive, foundational, and safety-net livelihood construction, address the urgent, difficult, and anxious problems of the masses, unblock channels for social mobility, and improve the quality of people’s lives.
(37) Promote High-Quality and Full Employment. Deeply implement the employment-first strategy, improve employment promotion mechanisms, and build an employment-friendly development model. Strengthen synergy between industry and employment, actively cultivate new occupations and positions, and support enterprises in stabilizing and expanding jobs. Refine mechanisms for matching human resource supply and demand, establish a lifelong vocational skills training system, strengthen guidance on career choices and employment concepts, and focus on resolving structural employment contradictions. Improve employment support and public service systems, stabilize and expand employment for key groups such as college graduates, migrant workers, and demobilized military personnel, promote healthy development of flexible employment and new forms of employment. Increase support for entrepreneurship and enhance its employment-driving effects. Refine labor standards systems and labor relations consultation and coordination mechanisms, strengthen protection of workers’ rights and interests, and create a fair and orderly employment environment. Improve employment impact assessments and monitoring and early warning, and comprehensively address the impacts of external environmental changes and new technology development on employment.
(38) Improve the Income Distribution System. Adhere to distribution according to work as the mainstay with multiple distribution methods coexisting, increase the proportion of residents’ income in national income distribution, and raise the share of labor remuneration in primary distribution. Establish sound primary distribution mechanisms where various factors are evaluated by the market for their contributions and remunerated accordingly, promoting more pay for more work, higher pay for higher skills, and greater rewards for innovation. Improve mechanisms for determining workers’ wages, ensuring reasonable growth, and guaranteeing payments; implement collective wage negotiation systems; refine mechanisms for adjusting minimum wage standards; and strengthen macro guidance on enterprise wage distribution. Increase urban and rural residents’ property income through multiple channels. Strengthen regulation through taxation, social security, and transfer payments in redistribution. Promote and regulate the development of public welfare and charity. Standardize income distribution order and wealth accumulation mechanisms, support wealth creation through hard work, innovation, and lawful means, encourage the first to get rich to help others get rich and promote common prosperity. Implement plans to increase income for urban and rural residents, effectively boost income for low-income groups, steadily expand the size of the middle-income group, reasonably regulate excessively high incomes, eliminate illegal incomes, and promote the formation of an olive-shaped distribution pattern.
(39) Provide Education that Satisfies the People. Implement the project of fostering virtue through education in the new era, promote effective integration of ideological and political classrooms with social classrooms, strengthen physical education, aesthetic education, and labor education, and improve the education evaluation system. Establish sound mechanisms for allocating education resources adapted to population changes, and expand education resource supply in cities with net inflows of school-age populations. Steadily expand the scope of free education and explore extending the years of compulsory education. Promote the expansion and quality improvement of basic education, coordinate high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education and high-quality and inclusive development of preschool education, expand resources for regular senior high schools, and run special education and specialized education well. Promote quality improvement and capacity expansion in higher education, and increase enrollment in high-quality undergraduate programs. Enhance the schooling capacity of vocational schools and build distinctive higher vocational colleges. Guide and regulate the development of private education. Expand high-level opening up of education to the outside world. Promote the spirit of educators, cultivate and build a high-level teaching force, and strengthen guarantees for teachers’待遇. Establish sound mechanisms for collaborative education involving schools, families, and society. Deeply implement the digital education strategy and optimize public services for lifelong learning.
(40) Improve the Social Security System. Refine and implement the national unified basic pension insurance system, accelerate the development of a multi-level, multi-pillar pension insurance system, improve mechanisms for determining and adjusting benefits, and gradually increase basic pensions for urban and rural residents. Establish a sound multi-level medical security system, advance provincial-level coordination of basic medical insurance, and optimize policies on drug centralized procurement, medical insurance payments, and use of surplus funds. Expand coverage of unemployment and work-related injury insurance, and establish a sound occupational injury protection system. Improve policies for transferring and continuing social insurance relationships, and increase participation rates for flexible employment personnel, migrant workers, and those in new employment forms. Establish a sound actuarial system for social insurance, continue transferring state-owned capital to replenish social security funds, and refine long-term mechanisms for fund raising, coordinated allocation, preservation and appreciation, and safe supervision. Leverage the supplementary role of various commercial insurances. Optimize the nationally unified social security public service platform and management services. Improve the social assistance system. Refine service and guarantee systems for groups such as empty-nest elderly, children in difficulty, and persons with disabilities. Establish a sound basic funeral service system. Uphold the basic national policy of gender equality and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and children. Strengthen service and guarantees for demobilized military personnel.
(41) Promote High-Quality Development of Real Estate. Accelerate the building of a new real estate development model and improve basic systems for commodity housing development, financing, and sales. Optimize the supply of affordable housing to meet the basic housing needs of urban salaried groups and various families in difficulty. Increase the supply of improved housing tailored to local conditions. Build “good houses” that are safe, comfortable, green, and smart, implement projects to enhance housing quality and actions to improve property service quality. Establish a full-life-cycle safety management system for housing.
(42) Accelerate the Building of a Healthy China. Implement the health-first development strategy, establish a sound policy and institutional system for health promotion, enhance the effectiveness of the patriotic health campaign, and increase average life expectancy and people’s health levels. Strengthen public health capabilities, build up the disease control system, and prevent and control major infectious diseases. Establish sound mechanisms for coordinated development and governance of medical care, medical insurance, and pharmaceuticals, and promote hierarchical diagnosis and treatment. Deepen reforms in public hospitals oriented toward public welfare in staffing, service pricing, salary systems, and comprehensive supervision, and strengthen operational guarantees for county-level and grassroots medical institutions. Optimize the functional positioning and layout of medical institutions, implement projects to strengthen the foundation of medical and health services, and advance the digital and intelligent construction of national health. Strengthen comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases and develop full-chain services for prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and management. Comprehensively enhance emergency response, blood supply security, and emergency capabilities. Strengthen the capacity and work style of medical and health teams. Advance the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and promote the integration of Chinese and Western medicine. Support the development of innovative drugs and medical devices. Strengthen mental health and psychiatric services.
(43) Promote High-Quality Population Development. Establish a sound population service system covering the entire population and full life cycles. Advocate positive views on marriage and childbearing, optimize fertility support policies and incentive measures, leverage the role of childcare subsidies and personal income tax deductions, and effectively reduce family costs for childbearing, child-rearing, and education. Improve the maternity insurance system, implement maternity leave systems, and carry out actions for early pregnancy care and plans to enhance prevention and treatment of birth defects. Deeply conduct demonstration pilots for childcare service subsidies, develop inclusive childcare and integrated kindergarten services, and gradually improve related systems. Strengthen health services for women and children. Actively address population aging, and establish sound policy mechanisms for coordinated development of elderly care undertakings and industries. Optimize the supply of basic elderly care services, improve urban and rural elderly care service networks, and strengthen aging-friendly and barrier-free transformations of public facilities. Develop services combining medical care with education and medical care with elderly care. Implement long-term care insurance, improve care systems for elderly with loss of ability or dementia, and expand the supply of rehabilitation nursing and hospice care services. Prudently implement the gradual extension of the statutory retirement age, optimize age restriction policies in employment and social security, actively develop human resources for the elderly, and develop the silver economy.
(44) Steadily Advance the Equalization of Basic Public Services. Establish evaluation standards for the equalization of basic public services, improve the scope and content of basic public services, formulate goals, paths, and measures to achieve equalization, promote more public services sinking to the grassroots, covering rural areas, and tilting toward remote areas and people in difficulty, and establish sound mechanisms for allocating public resources matched to the resident population. Strengthen coordination of county-level basic public service supply and improve long-term input guarantee mechanisms. Comprehensively deepen the reform of public institutions.
XII. Accelerate the Comprehensive Green Transformation of Economic and Social Development, Build a Beautiful China
Green development is a distinctive feature of Chinese-style modernization. Firmly establish and practice the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, take carbon peaking and carbon neutrality as the lead, synergistically advance carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, build a strong ecological security barrier, and enhance the momentum of green development.
(45) Continuously and Deeply Advance Pollution Prevention and Control Campaigns and Ecosystem Optimization. Adhere to environmental protection for the people, fully implement precise, scientific, and law-based pollution control, place greater emphasis on source governance, strengthen synergy in pollution and carbon reduction, multi-pollutant control, and regional governance, and deeply fight the battles to defend blue skies, clear waters, and clean land. Accelerate the implementation of a regulatory system for fixed pollution sources centered on the pollutant discharge permit system. Implement comprehensive solid waste management actions. Strengthen environmental risk prevention and control and deeply advance the governance of new pollutants. Improve systems for environmental standards, monitoring, evaluation, and assessment.
Adhere to integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and coordinate the advancement of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems. Strictly guard the ecological protection red line, comprehensively advance the construction of a natural protected area system with national parks as the mainstay, and orderly establish new national parks. Strengthen biodiversity protection. Conduct assessments of ecological protection and restoration effectiveness. Scientifically carry out large-scale national greening actions and fight the tough battle of the “Three-North” Shelterbelt Program. Strengthen the construction of ecological barriers in regions such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Improve diversified ecological compensation mechanisms and expand channels for realizing the value of ecological products tailored to local conditions. Strengthen systematic governance and ecological protection of important rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Effectively implement the 10-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River.
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(46) Accelerate the Building of a New Energy System. Continuously increase the proportion of new energy supply, advance the safe, reliable, and orderly substitution of fossil energies, focus on building a new power system, and build a strong energy nation. Adhere to the parallel development of wind, solar, hydro, nuclear, and other energies, coordinate local consumption and outward transmission, and promote high-quality development of clean energy. Strengthen the clean and efficient utilization of fossil energies, advance the transformation and upgrading of coal-fired power and the substitution of bulk coal. Comprehensively enhance the mutual complementarity, mutual support, and security resilience of the power system, scientifically layout pumped storage, vigorously develop new energy storage, and accelerate the construction of smart grids and microgrids. Increase the electrification level of end-use energy and promote green and low-carbon energy consumption. Accelerate the establishment of market and pricing mechanisms adapted to the new energy system.
(47) Actively and Prudently Advance and Achieve Carbon Peaking. Implement the dual control system for total carbon emissions and intensity. Deeply implement energy-saving and carbon-reduction transformations. Promote the peaking of coal and oil consumption. Improve the carbon emission statistical accounting system, steadily implement policies and systems such as local carbon assessments, industry carbon controls, enterprise carbon management, project carbon evaluations, and product carbon footprints. Develop distributed energy, build zero-carbon factories and parks. Expand the coverage of the national carbon emissions trading market and accelerate the construction of a voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market. Establish a sound green and low-carbon standards system, promote and lead the improvement of international rules and standards and their alignment and mutual recognition. Improve the work system for adapting to climate change and enhance capabilities to address climate change, especially extreme weather.
(48) Accelerate the Formation of Green Production and Lifestyle Patterns. Deeply advance zoned environmental control, strengthen alignment with territorial spatial planning, and synergistically optimize industrial layouts. Promote green and low-carbon transformation in key fields such as industry, urban and rural construction, transportation, and energy. Improve systems for total resource management and comprehensive conservation, raise levels of waste classification and resource utilization, and promote circular economy development. Continuously build national ecological civilization experimental zones, construct pioneering areas for a Beautiful China, and create highlands for green development. Implement fiscal, taxation, financial, investment, pricing, scientific, and environmental policies to promote green and low-carbon development. Establish sound incentive mechanisms for green consumption and promote green and low-carbon lifestyles.
XIII. Advance the Modernization of the National Security System and Capabilities, Build a Higher-Level Safe China
Building a Safe China is an important component of Chinese-style modernization. Unswervingly implement the holistic national security concept, follow the path of socialist governance with Chinese characteristics, and ensure that society is vibrant yet orderly.
(49) Improve the National Security System. Consolidate the centralized, unified, efficient, and authoritative national security leadership system, accelerate the building of a new security architecture, and enhance strategic initiative in maintaining and shaping national security. Adhere to strategy as the guide, policy as the handle, rule of law as the guarantee, and risk prevention and control as the foothold; improve the national security legal system, strategic system, policy system, and risk prevention and control system. Strengthen coordination mechanisms in key national security areas and important special tasks, and improve emergency response efficiency. Implement the national security responsibility system, promote full-chain and all-element coordinated linkage, and form systemic synergy. Improve mechanisms for national security involving foreign affairs, build an overseas security guarantee system, strengthen struggles against sanctions, interference, and “long-arm jurisdiction,” deepen international law enforcement and security cooperation, and promote the improvement of global security governance. Strengthen national security education and build a solid people’s defense line.
(50) Strengthen National Security Capacity Building in Key Areas. Forge practical and combat-effective national security capabilities, emphasizing the protection of major security issues concerning the long-term stability of the country, healthy and stable economic development, and people’s peaceful and happy lives, with safeguarding political security placed in the foremost position. Consolidate the foundational guarantees for national security, ensure the security of grain, energy resources, important industrial chains and supply chains, and major infrastructure; strengthen the exploration, development, and reserves of strategic mineral resources; improve the intensive and safe utilization of water resources; maintain the security of strategic channels; and advance the construction of national strategic hinterlands and backup for key industries. Strengthen national security capacity building in emerging fields such as network, data, artificial intelligence, biology, ecology, nuclear, space, deep sea, polar regions, and low-altitude areas. Improve capabilities to prevent and resolve risks in key areas, coordinate the orderly resolution of risks in real estate, local government debt, small and medium-sized financial institutions, and strictly prevent systemic risks.
(51) Enhance the Level of Public Security Governance. Improve the public security system and shift the public security governance model toward prior prevention. Strengthen monitoring, forecasting, and early warning for meteorological, hydrological, and geological disasters; improve disaster prevention, reduction, relief, and the handling of major public emergencies; and strengthen work in emergency command, production safety, and food and drug safety. Elevate the intrinsic safety level of important infrastructure and effectively curb major and serious accidents. Deepen the construction of the overall social security prevention and control system and capabilities, implement responsibilities for maintaining social stability, develop and expand mass prevention and governance forces, establish a normalized mechanism for sweeping away organized crime and eliminating evil, and intensify efforts to prevent and combat telecommunications and online fraud, drug crimes, etc. Advance the standardized construction of comprehensive governance centers. Deepen comprehensive governance of cyberspace security and strengthen personal information protection. Strengthen the prevention and governance of juvenile delinquency. Fully and accurately implement the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity, punish crimes in accordance with the law, and improve the quality and effectiveness of penalty execution.
(52) Improve the Social Governance System. Adhere to systematic, law-based, comprehensive, and source governance; improve the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance, and shared benefits; and advance the modernization of social governance. Establish sound systems and mechanisms for social work and improve policies, laws, and regulations for social governance. Strengthen Party building in new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups. Strengthen the cultivation and management of social organizations and promote the reform and development of industry associations and chambers of commerce. Strengthen Party-led grassroots governance and grassroots political power construction, fully implement lists of duties for townships (sub-districts), and establish sound access systems for village (community) work matters. Uphold and develop the “Fengqiao Experience” for the new era, strengthen rural governance, and improve community governance. Give play to the principal role of the people and guide all parties to participate in social governance in an orderly manner. Advance coordinated governance online and offline. Strengthen the allocation of grassroots service and management forces and improve service facilities and funding guarantee mechanisms. Leverage citizens’ conventions, village rules and folk agreements, etc.; strengthen family education and family traditions; promote changes in customs; and effectively address bad practices in weddings, funerals, and marriages.
Improve mechanisms for uniting and serving the masses and consolidate the mass foundation for social governance. Strengthen ideological and political guidance, improve service and management for various social groups, establish sound systems for coordinating interest relations and protecting legitimate rights and interests, and care for and love difficult and vulnerable groups. Establish sound social psychological service systems and crisis intervention mechanisms. Strengthen the functions of public service platforms such as citizen hotlines and promote “responding to every call from the people.” Develop volunteer services and strengthen the management of volunteer service organizations. Advance the legalization of petition work. Deeply promote the source resolution, diversified resolution, and orderly resolution of contradictions and disputes. Strengthen the construction of social worker teams and improve professional service levels.
XIV. Achieve the Centenary Goal of Building the Military on Schedule, High-Quality Advance the Modernization of National Defense and the Armed Forces
Consolidating national defense and building a strong military is the strategic support for Chinese-style modernization. Implement Xi Jinping Thought on Strengthening the Military, implement the military strategic guidelines for the new era, uphold the Party’s absolute leadership over the people’s army, implement the system of the Chairman of the Central Military Commission assuming responsibility, follow the new “three-step” strategy for the modernization of national defense and the armed forces, advance political military building, reform to strengthen the military, science and technology to strengthen the military, talent to strengthen the military, and rule of law to govern the military; engage in struggle, prepare for war, and build simultaneously; accelerate the integrated development of mechanization, informatization, and intelligentization; and enhance strategic capabilities to defend national sovereignty, security, and development interests.
(53) Accelerate the Building of Advanced Combat Effectiveness. Expand strategic deterrence forces and maintain global strategic balance and stability. Advance the scaled, practical, and systematized development of new-domain and new-quality combat forces, accelerate the construction of unmanned intelligent combat forces and countermeasure capabilities, and strengthen the upgrading and transformation of traditional combat forces. Coordinate the construction and application of network information systems, strengthen the development and utilization of data resources, and build an intelligent military system. Accelerate the construction of modern logistics. Implement major national defense development projects, intensify national defense scientific and technological innovation and the transformation of advanced technologies, and accelerate the development of advanced weapons and equipment. Optimize military human resource policies and systems, improve the level of education and talent cultivation in military academies, and create a phalanx of high-quality, professional, and new-type military talents. Implement the project to advance the modernization of military theory. Deepen strategic and operational planning, solidly advance practical military training, strengthen the integration of combat capability systems, innovate models for building and employing combat effectiveness, and enhance the pertinence, initiative, and shaping power of military struggles.
(54) Advance the Modernization of Military Governance. Improve the leadership and management systems and mechanisms of the people’s army and adjust and optimize the joint operations system. Strengthen and improve strategic management, deepen the coordination of war planning, military building, and combat preparations, strengthen traction by combat needs, innovate management methods and means, and improve the operational efficiency of the military system and the benefits of national defense resource use. Strengthen consultation and evaluation for major decisions and supervision of major projects, advance reforms in military expenditure budget management, improve military procurement systems, refine the statistical evaluation system for military building, fully implement the principle of building the military frugally, and follow a path of high efficiency, low cost, and sustainable development. Continuously deepen political rectification and training, carry forward fine traditions, and strengthen rectification and governance in key industries and fields. Deeply advance the rule of law in the military, strengthen the supply of laws and regulations and supervision of execution, and improve the military rule of law system with Chinese characteristics.
(55) Consolidate and Enhance the Integrated National Strategic System and Capabilities. Deepen cross-military and local reforms, build a cross-military and local work pattern where each performs its duties, collaborates closely, and operates in a standardized and orderly manner. Accelerate the construction of strategic capabilities in emerging fields, promote the efficient integration and mutual promotion of new productive forces with new combat forces. Build an advanced national defense science and technology industrial system, optimize the layout of the national defense science and technology industry, and advance the generalization of military-civilian standards. Strengthen the submission of military demands for national defense construction and military-local docking, promote the full implementation of national defense requirements in major infrastructure, and strengthen national defense strategic prefabrication. Accelerate the construction of national defense mobilization capabilities, strengthen reserve force building, enhance modern border, sea, and air defense construction, and advance the joint efforts of the Party, government, military, police, and people to strengthen borders and consolidate defense. Deepen national defense education for all and consolidate military-government and military-civilian unity.
XV. The Entire Party, Military, and People of All Ethnic Groups Unite to Strive for the Realization of the “15th Five-Year Plan”
Upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership is the fundamental guarantee for advancing Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to leading social revolution with the Party’s self-revolution, persistently advance comprehensive and strict Party governance, enhance the Party’s political leadership, ideological guidance, mass organization, and social appeal, improve the Party’s ability and level to lead economic and social development, and unite immense strength for advancing Chinese-style modernization.
(56) Uphold and Strengthen the Centralized and Unified Leadership of the Party Central Committee. Improve mechanisms for implementing major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee to ensure top-to-bottom connectivity and effective execution. Continuously use the Party’s innovative theories to unify thinking, will, and action. Develop intra-Party democracy, establish sound and implement the democratic centralism, and adhere to scientific, democratic, and law-based decision-making. Uphold the correct orientation in selecting and appointing personnel, place political standards first, establish and practice a correct view of performance, improve cadre assessment and evaluation mechanisms, adjust cadres unfit for their current positions, and normalize the promotion and demotion of leading cadres. Strengthen education, training, and practical exercise to improve the modernization construction capabilities of the cadre team. Combine strict management with warm care, balance incentives and constraints, and stimulate the endogenous motivation and overall vitality of the cadre team. Coordinate the construction of grassroots Party organizations in all fields, enhance their political and organizational functions, and give play to the vanguard and exemplary role of Party members. Unremittingly implement the spirit of the Central Committee’s eight-point regulations, ruthlessly curb all unhealthy tendencies, and advance the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction. Deeply carry out work to remedy formalism and reduce burdens on the grassroots. Improve the supervision system of the Party and the state, strengthen the standardization and supervision of power allocation and operation. Maintain the sober firmness that the fight against corruption is always on the road, advance the integration of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt, and resolutely fight the protracted battle, overall battle, and battle of annihilation against corruption. Create a political ecology of integrity and uprightness.
(57) Advance the Construction of Socialist Democracy and Rule of Law. Unswervingly follow the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, uphold the organic unity of the Party’s leadership, the people being masters of the country, and law-based governance; develop whole-process people’s democracy; and improve the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics. Uphold, improve, and operate well the system of people’s congresses, ensure that state organs exercise power and perform duties in accordance with the law, and ensure that the democratic rights and legitimate interests of the people are safeguarded and realized. Uphold and improve the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, give play to the role of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference as a specialized consultative body, strengthen the coordination of various consultation channels, and advance the broad, multi-layered, and institutionalized development of consultative democracy. Establish sound grassroots democratic systems to guarantee that the people manage grassroots public affairs and public welfare undertakings in accordance with the law. Improve mechanisms for absorbing public opinion and gathering public wisdom. Better leverage the role of mass organizations such as trade unions, the Communist Youth League, and women’s federations, and strengthen policy guarantees for building the industrial worker team, youth development, and the cause of women and children. Promote the comprehensive development of human rights. Improve the major united front work pattern, consolidate and develop the broadest patriotic united front. Forge a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and advance the construction of the Chinese national community. Adhere to the direction of localizing religions in China and strengthen the legalization of religious affairs governance. Fully implement the Party’s policies on overseas Chinese affairs and better unite the hearts and strength of overseas Chinese.
Uphold comprehensive law-based governance of the country, synergistically advance scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and law observance by all. Strengthen the implementation and supervision of the Constitution and laws, and improve institutional mechanisms for maintaining the unity of national rule of law. Strengthen legislative planning and review to improve legislative quality. Reinforce the construction of a rule-of-law government, fully implement the filing and review of administrative normative documents, and improve mechanisms for substantively resolving administrative disputes. Advance the construction of digital platforms for political and legal work, and strengthen cross-departmental coordination and supervision in law enforcement and justice. Standardize the operation of judicial power, improve mechanisms for realizing and evaluating judicial fairness, and enhance the fairness, stability, and authority of judicial decisions. Strengthen procuratorial supervision and public interest litigation. Protect personal rights, property rights, and personality rights in accordance with the law, establish sound long-term mechanisms for standardizing law enforcement involving enterprises, and prevent and correct irregular off-site law enforcement and profit-driven law enforcement. Improve the national execution system and effectively solve the problem of “difficulties in enforcement.” Accelerate the construction of the rule of law system and capabilities for foreign-related affairs, and establish sound mechanisms for international commercial mediation, arbitration, and litigation. Strengthen supervision and inspection of leading cadres’ law-based handling of affairs and improve comprehensive rule-of-law evaluation mechanisms. Advance the construction of a rule-of-law society and create a good environment where the whole society reveres the rule of law, abides by rules, respects contracts, and upholds fairness.
(58) Promote Long-Term Prosperity and Stability in Hong Kong and Macao. Unswervingly implement “one country, two systems,” “Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong,” “Macao people administering Macao,” and a high degree of autonomy; implement the principles of “patriots administering Hong Kong” and “patriots administering Macao”; elevate the effectiveness of law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao; and promote economic and social development in Hong Kong and Macao. Support Hong Kong and Macao in better integrating into and serving the overall national development, strengthen cooperation in economy, trade, science and technology, humanities, etc., between Hong Kong, Macao, and the mainland, and improve policies and measures to facilitate Hong Kong and Macao residents’ development and life on the mainland. Leverage the unique advantages and important roles of Hong Kong and Macao in backing the motherland and connecting the world, consolidate and elevate Hong Kong’s status as an international financial, shipping, and trade center, support Hong Kong in building an international innovation and technology center, continuously highlight Macao’s role as “one center, one platform, one base,” promote moderately diversified economic development in Macao, and support Hong Kong and Macao in building highlands for gathering international high-end talents.
(59) Promote Peaceful Development of Cross-Straits Relations and Advance the Great Cause of National Reunification. Deeply implement the Party’s overall strategy for resolving the Taiwan question in the new era, resolutely combat “Taiwan independence” separatist forces, oppose interference by external forces, maintain peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait, and firmly grasp the dominance and initiative in cross-Straits relations. Deepen cross-Straits exchanges and cooperation and jointly inherit and promote Chinese culture. High-quality advance the construction of cross-Straits integrated development demonstration zones, strengthen industrial cooperation, and promote cross-Straits economic cooperation. Implement policies for Taiwan compatriots to enjoy equal treatment, create better conditions for Taiwan compatriots to study, work, and live on the mainland, and enhance the well-being of compatriots on both sides of the Straits.
(60) Promote the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind. Advocate equal and orderly world multipolarization and inclusive economic globalization, expand the global partnership network, and promote the building of new-type international relations. Deepen integration in development with neighboring countries, strengthen common security, consolidate strategic mutual trust, and build a community with a shared future in the neighborhood. Maintain overall stability in major-country relations, deepen solidarity and cooperation with developing countries, implement the Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, Global Civilization Initiative, and Global Governance Initiative, and lead the international order toward a more just and reasonable direction. Support the joint self-strengthening of the Global South, increase foreign aid, and provide more international public goods. Resolutely oppose hegemony, domineering, and bullying, defend international fairness and justice, and safeguard the common interests of the people of all countries. Promote the common values of all mankind and contribute to building a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness and inclusiveness, and cleanliness and beauty, making China’s contribution to building a community with a shared future for mankind.
(61) Fully Mobilize the Enthusiasm, Initiative, and Creativity of the Whole Society in Devoting to the Construction of Chinese-Style Modernization. In accordance with the spirit of this plenary session, formulate national and local “15th Five-Year Plan” outlines and special plans, etc., to form a national planning system with accurate positioning, clear boundaries, complementary functions, and unified connectivity. Strengthen monitoring, evaluation, and supervision of plan implementation, improve policy coordination and work synergy mechanisms, and ensure that the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee are implemented. Implement the principle of respecting labor, knowledge, talent, and creation, stimulate the vitality of the whole society in entrepreneurship, innovation, and creation, and form a vibrant scene where everyone exerts their talents to the fullest, talents are fully utilized, and all unite as one to forge ahead with concerted efforts.
The entire Party, military, and people of all ethnic groups must unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, strive together to basically realize socialist modernization, and continuously create a new situation in comprehensively advancing the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization.
What does this tsunami catchphrases mean? What will change? What is new?